Porta clausa es, virgo. Exegeses on Ezekiel’s Porta clausa by some Latin Church Fathers and Theologians between the 6th and the 12th Centuries
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This paper is limited to highlight a selection of exegetical comments through which, from the 6th century until the 12th, many Latin Church Fathers and theologians deciphered the eastern shut door of the temple (porta clausa) revealed by Yahweh to Ezekiel in a prophetic vision. This short study's select set of comments is complemented by a plentiful series of similar comments stated by other Greek-Eastern Church Fathers from the Late Antiquity to the Middle Ages, the last series not discussed here. This considerable corpus of Greek-Eastern and Latin exegeses constitutes a solid centuries-old dogmatic tradition, according to which this Ezekiel's porta clausa is unanimously interpreted by all those Christian authors as a double complementary Mariological and Christological metaphor.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Publications Service of the University of Extremadura (the publishing house) retains the economic rights (copyright) of the works published in the Anuario de la Facultad de Derecho. Universidad de Extremadura.. The reuse of the content is allowed under a license:
CC BY
Recognition
This license allows others to distribute, remix, tweak and build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as you are acknowledged as the author of the original creation. This is the most helpful license offered. The maximum dissemination and use of the materials subject to the license are recommended.
For more information, see the following links:
References
REFERENCES
PRIMARY SOURCES
Adamus S. Victoris. Sequentiae. XIX. In Purificatione Beatae Mariae. PL 196, 1855, col. 1485.
Adamus S. Victoris. Sequentiae. XXV. In Assumptione Beatae Virginis. PL 196, 1855, col. 1502.
Anselmus Cantuariensis. Hymni Et Psalterium De Sancta Virgine Maria. PL 158, 1864, col. 1039-1040.
Bernardus Claraevallensis. In Purificatione Sanctae Mariae. Sermo Tertius 1. In Obras completas de San Bernardo. Edición bilingüe, Vol. III. Ser-mones litúrgicos (1º). Madrid: Editorial Católica, 1985.
Biblia de Jerusalén. Nueva edición revisada y aumentada. Bilbao: Desclée de Brouwer, 1998.
Biblia Sacra iuxta Vulgatam Clementinam. Nova editio, 12ª edic. Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, 2005.
Goffridus Vindocinensis. Sermo I. In Nativitate Domini I. PL 157, 1854, col. 237.
Goffridus Vindocinensis. Sermo II. In Nativitate Domini II. PL 157, 1854, col. 240.
Goffridus Abbas Vindocinensis. Sermo III. In Nativitate Domini III. PL 157, 1854, col. 245-251.
Gregorius Magnus. Homilia in Evangelia. Liber II. Homilia XXVI.1-7. PL 76, 1197.
Guibertus de Novegento Abbas. Liber de Laude Sanctae Mariae. PL 156, 1853, col. 543-546.
Honorius Augustodunensis. Sigillum Beatae Mariae Ubi Exponuntur Cantica Canticorum. PL 172, 1854, col. 499-513.
Honorius Augustodunensis. Speculum Ecclesiae. In Purificatione Sanctae Mariae. PL 172, 1854, col. 849.
Honorius Augustodunensis. Speculum Ecclesiae. In Annunciatione Sanctae Mariae. PL 172, 1854, col. 905.
Ildefonsus Toletanus. De uirginitate Sanctae Mariae contra tres infideles, II, Contra Heluidium. In Corpus Christianorum. Series Latina, CXIV A, Turnhout: Brepols, 2007.
Ildefonsus Toletanus. De uirginitate Sanctae Mariae contra tres infideles, III. Contra Iudaeos. In Corpus Christianorum. Series Latina, CXIV A, 2007.
Isidorus Hispalensis, De fide Catholica contra Judaeos. Liber Primus X.9. PL 83, 1862, col. 470.
Paschasius Radbertus. De Partu Virginis. Liber Primus. En Corpus Christia-norum. Continuatio Medaevalia LVI C, Leuven : Brepols, 1985.
Patrologiae Cursus Completus, Series Latina, edited by Jacques-Paul Migne (Paris: Garnier, 1844-1864), 221 vols. This collection of Latin Patrology is cited with the abbreviation PL.
Patrologiae Cursus Completus, Series Graeca, edited by Jacques-Paul Migne (Paris: Garnier, 1857-1867), 166 vols. This collection of Greek Patrology is cited with the abbreviation PG.
Petrus Abelardus. Sermo II. In Natali Domini. PL 178, 1855, col. 393.
Petrus Abelardus. Sermo V. In Purificatione Sanctae Mariae. PL 178, 1855, col. 419.
Petrus Blesensis. Sermo XXXIII, In Assumptione beatae Mariae. PL 207, 1855, col. 662-663.
Petrus Cellensis. Sermo LXVII. De Assumptione B. Mariae Virginis I. PL 202, 1855, col. 848-849.
Petrus Damianus. Sermones. Sermo Primus. In Epiphania Domini (VI Jan.). PL 144, 1853, col. 508.
Petrus Damianus. Sermo XLVI. Homilia In Nativitate B.V.Maria. PL 144, 753.
Richardus S. Victoris. Explicatio In Cantica Canticorum. PL 196, 1855, col. 522.
Venantius Fortunatus. Miscellanea. Liber XI, Caput Primum. Expositio Symboli. PL 88, 1862, col. 348.
Venantius Fortunatus. Miscellanea. Liber VIII. Caput VI. In nomine Domini nostri Jesu Christi et Domnae Mariae Matris eius de virginitate. PL 88, 1862, col. 268-269.
Venantius Fortunatus. Caput VII. In laudem sanctae Mariae Virginis et matris Domini. PL 88, 1862, col. 277-278.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Becker, Udo. Enciclopedia de los símbolos. Barcelona: Swing, 2008.
Biedermann, Hans. Diccionario de símbolos. Barcelona: Paidós, 1993.
Bréhier, Louis. L’art chrétien. Son développement iconographique dès origines à nos jours. Paris: Renouard-H. Laurens, 1928.
Cabrol, Fernand. “Annonciation (Fête de l’)”. In Dictionnaire d’Archéologie Chrétienne, edited by Fernand Cabrol, and Henri Le-clercq. Paris: Letouzey et Ané, 1924, Tome I, 2e Partie, 1924, 2241-2255.
Dictionnaire d’Archéologie Chrétienne et de Liturgie, edited by Fernand Cabrol, and Henri Leclercq. Paris: Letouzey et Ané, 1924-1954, 12 vols.
Dictionnaire de Théologie Catholique, edited by Alfred Vacant, Eugène Mangenot, and Émile Amann. Paris: Letouzey et Ane, 1909-1950, 15 double vols. (30 vols.).
Enciclopedia Cattolica, edited by Giuseppe Pizzardo, and Pio Paschini. Città del Vaticano: Ente per l’Enciclopedia Cattolica e per il Libro Cat-tolico, 1948-1954, 12 vols.
Ferguson, Georges. Signos y símbolos en el arte cristiano. Buenos Aires: Emecé, 1956.
Feuillet, Michel. Lessico dei simboli cristiani, Roma: Edizioni Arkeios, 2007.
García Paredes, José Cristo Rey. Mariología. Madrid: BAC, 2015.
Grabar, André. Les voies de la création en iconographie chrétienne: Antiquité et Moyen Âge, Paris: Flammarion, 1979.
Iogna-Prat, Dominique, Éric Palazzo, and Daniel Russo editors. Marie. Le culte de la Vierge dans la société médiévale. Paris: Beauchesne, 1996.
Mâle, Émile. L'art religieux du XIIe siècle en France. Étude sur les origines de l'iconographie du Moyen Âge. Paris: Armand Colin, 19667 [1924].
Réau, Louis. Iconographie de l’art chrétien. Tome 1, Introduction générale, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1955.
Réau, Louis. Iconographie de l’art chrétien. Tome 2, Iconographie de la Bible. Part II, Nouveau Testament, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1957.
Salvador-González, José María. “Haec porta Domini. Exegeses of some Greek Church Fathers on Ezekiel’s porta clausa (5th-10th centuries)”. Cauriensia XV (2020): 615-633.
Salvador-González, José María. “The temple in images of the Annuncia-tion: a double dogmatic symbol according to the Latin theological tra-dition (6th-15th centuries)”. De Medio Aevo 9 (2020): 56-68.
Salvador-González, José María. “The house/palace in Annunciations of the 14th and 15th centuries. Iconographic interpretation in light of the La-tin patristic and theological tradition”. Eikón Imago 10 (2021): 391-406.
Salvador-González, José María. “The bed in images of the Annunciation (14th-15th centuries): An iconographic interpretation according to Lat-in Patristics”. De Medio Aevo 10-1 (2021): 77-93.
Salvador-González, José María. “Interpretaciones cristianas sobre la porta clausa de Ezequiel y su influencia en algunas imágenes de la Anuncia-ción en los siglos XIV y XV”, in En los albores del cristianismo, edited by Mercedes López Salvá. Madrid: Rhemata, 2021, 459-476.
Salvador-González, José María. “Greek-Eastern Church Fathers' interpretations of Domus Sapientiae, and their influence on the iconography of the 15th century's Annunciation”. Imago. Revista de Emblemática y Cultura Visual 13 (2021) (en prensa).
Salvador-González, José María. “Christian exegeses on Ezekiel’s porta clausa prior to the councils of Ephesus, Constantinople, and Chalce-don”. Konstantinove Listy 14 / 2 (2021): 3-13.
Schiller, Gertrud. Ikonographie der christlichen Kunst. Band 4,2, Maria, Gütersloh: Gütersloher VerlagHaus, 1980.
Toscano, Giuseppe Maria. Il pensiero cristiano nell'arte. Bergamo: Istituto Italiano d'Arti Grafiche, 1960, 3 vols.
Verdier, Philippe. Le couronnement de la Vierge. Les origines et les pre-miers développements d’un thème iconographique. Paris: Vrin, 1980.
Vloberg, Maurice. La Vierge et l’Enfant dans l’art français. Paris: Arthaud, 1954.