Hume y la metafísica: entre el positivismo lógico y la filosofía crítica de Kant / Hume and metaphysics: between logical positivism and Kant's critical philosophy
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El objetivo de este artículo es precisar la posición de Hume ante la metafísica y su significado para la misma. Para ello, considera la crítica de Hume desde el Positivismo lógico y desde la filosofía crítica de Kant. A pesar de la afinidad con el neopositivismo en aspectos importantes, el proyecto de Hume no encaja del todo con el intento neopositivista de una superación de la teoría del conocimiento y de una eliminación de la idea de la filosofía como fundamentación última. La ciencia del hombre de Hume se presenta como una filosofía primera. A lo que sí se opone Hume es a que la metafísica se convierta en refugio del dogmatismo y la superstición. Frente a ello, quiere poner la metafísica al servicio de la vida. Por su parte, Kant vio en la indagación humeana del origen de nuestros conceptos un paso decisivo para una reforma de la metafísica. Censura de Hume que se quedara estancado en un escepticismo; pero, al mismo tiempo, ve en dicho escepticismo un paso obligado hacia el camino crítico.
The purpose of this paper is to establish Hume’s position on metaphysics and its significance. This has been done by taking Hume’s position from the standpoint ofLogical positivism and Kant’s critical philosophy. Despite being similar to neo-posi-tivism in significant aspects, Hume’s project does not entirely agree with the neo-positivist attempt of overcoming the theory of knowledge and removing the concept of philosophy as the ultimate foundation. Hume’s science of man is presented as a first philosophy. Hume is indeed against the idea of metaphysics becoming a refuge for dogmatism and superstition. On the contrary, he wishes to put metaphysics at the service of life. For his part, Kant observed in the Humean enquiry of the origin of our concepts a decisive step for a reform of metaphysics. Censorship by Hume, who will be blocked with skepticism; simultaneously, however, he sees in such skepticism a mandatory step towards the critical path.
Palabras clave: Científico, criticismo, dogmatismo, escepticismo, filosofía prime-ra, naturaleza humana.
Keywords: Scientific, criticism, dogmatism, skepticism, first philosophy, human nature.
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